Pre and Post 9/11 terrorist event

Pre and Post 9/11 Terrorist Events
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Pre and Post 9/11 Terrorist Events
Copeland, T. E. (2007). Fool me twice: intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism. Brill.
The study showed that intelligence failure led to the mass casualty of terrorism. Intelligence failure led to the occurrence of five terrorism incidents which include Oklahoma City 1995, World Trade Center 1993, East Africa Embassies 1998 and the September 2001 attacks. These attacks caused a lot of destruction in the United States and also caused the death of many people. The attacks were attributed to the poor public policy leadership which failed to guide the intelligence community.
Hoffman, B., & Reinares, F. (Eds.). (2014). The Evolution of the Global Terrorist Threat: From 9/11 to Osama Bin Laden’s Death. Columbia University Press.
The book shows that the global terrorist threat has evolved since September 11, 2001. It presents the changing character of al-Qaeda and the numerous attacks that it initiated. The terrorist group planned, organized, recruited and training individuals on how to conduct terrorist attacks. Osama Bin Laden created the al-Qaeda which aimed at carrying out terrorist attacks instead of the military campaigns. The group embraced the violent jihad and opposed all the government policies. The group was associated with the 1993 bombing of New York’s World Trade Center. In the attack, six people were killed while 1000 individ…